Increasing choice
The French Revolution (1789–1799) led to more subdued fashions, as soldiers in uniform became the models of masculinity. Relatively subtle displays of wealth remained visible in the detailing, however, with items such as waistcoats featuring double rows of buttons. In the 19th century, styles were further influenced by industrialisation, which increased the availability of fabrics and ready-to-wear clothing. This period also saw a flourishing market for second-hand fashions. One exceptional example of this recycling phenomenon is a waistcoat made of hand-painted Chinese silk from an 18th-century dress.